Lesson 4.5: Configure systems to mount file systems at boot by universally unique ID (UUID) or label
Temporary Mounting
# Changing the File System
[root@server ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n2p1
mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
/dev/nvme0n2p1 contains a ext4 file system
last mounted on Tue Apr 9 21:41:07 2024
Proceed anyway? (y,N) y
Creating filesystem with 51200 1k blocks and 12824 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 2dc18bf3-395d-4650-aeef-21ec8356e631
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
# Changing the File System
[root@server ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n2p2
mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
/dev/nvme0n2p2 contains a ext4 file system
last mounted on Tue Apr 9 21:45:59 2024
Proceed anyway? (y,N) y
Creating filesystem with 102400 1k blocks and 25584 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 50073dac-ebcb-4121-89be-5b7fbe4c9f2b
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@server ~]# blkid /dev/nvme0n2p1
/dev/nvme0n2p1: UUID="2dc18bf3-395d-4650-aeef-21ec8356e631" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="Linux filesystem" PARTUUID="a6369c3e-805f-4558-b7e4-a7e780b6ef8f"
[root@server ~]# blkid /dev/nvme0n2p2
/dev/nvme0n2p2: UUID="50073dac-ebcb-4121-89be-5b7fbe4c9f2b" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="Linux filesystem" PARTUUID="c6f6a57b-055f-451e-ad6a-7d48c9f8aa7d"
# Temporary mounting of /dev/nvme0n2p1 with /data1
[root@server ~]# mount /dev/nvme0n2p1 /data1
# Temporary mounting of /dev/nvme0n2p2 with /data2
[root@server ~]# mount /dev/nvme0n2p2 /data2
[root@server ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─cs-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─cs-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
nvme0n2 259:4 0 5G 0 disk
├─nvme0n2p1 259:5 0 50M 0 part /data1
└─nvme0n2p2 259:6 0 100M 0 part /data2
nvme0n3 259:7 0 6G 0 disk Permanent Mounting
#View the UUID of the partition
[root@server ~]# blkid /dev/nvme0n2p1
/dev/nvme0n2p1: UUID="2dc18bf3-395d-4650-aeef-21ec8356e631" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="Linux filesystem" PARTUUID="a6369c3e-805f-4558-b7e4-a7e780b6ef8f"
#View the UUID of the partition
[root@server ~]# blkid /dev/nvme0n2p2
/dev/nvme0n2p2: UUID="50073dac-ebcb-4121-89be-5b7fbe4c9f2b" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="Linux filesystem" PARTUUID="c6f6a57b-055f-451e-ad6a-7d48c9f8aa7d"
#Edit the configutation folder and add the entry
[root@server ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Dec 6 04:59:06 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/cs-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=a6688c93-a9d4-448e-9cf7-88112b5bdb22 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=F945-941E /boot/efi vfat umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 2
/dev/mapper/cs-swap none swap defaults 0 0
# FORMAT OF THIS FILE
# <PARTITION_NAME> <MOUNT_POINT> <FSTYPE> <MOUNT OPTIONS> 0 0
#USING UUID -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
UUID="2dc18bf3-395d-4650-aeef-21ec8356e631" /data1 ext4 defaults 0 0
UUID="50073dac-ebcb-4121-89be-5b7fbe4c9f2b" /data2 ext4 defaults 0 0
#USING LABEL ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/nvme0n2p1 /data1 ext4 defaults 0 0
# Updating the changes
[root@server ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@server ~]# mount -a
[root@server ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─cs-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─cs-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
nvme0n2 259:4 0 5G 0 disk
├─nvme0n2p1 259:5 0 50M 0 part /data1
└─nvme0n2p2 259:6 0 100M 0 part /data2
nvme0n3 259:7 0 6G 0 disk
Unmounting
[root@server ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─cs-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─cs-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
nvme0n2 259:4 0 5G 0 disk
├─nvme0n2p1 259:5 0 50M 0 part /data1
└─nvme0n2p2 259:6 0 100M 0 part /data2
nvme0n3 259:7 0 6G 0 disk
[root@server ~]# umount /data1
[root@server ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─cs-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─cs-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
nvme0n2 259:4 0 5G 0 disk
├─nvme0n2p1 259:5 0 50M 0 part
└─nvme0n2p2 259:6 0 100M 0 part /data2
nvme0n3 259:7 0 6G 0 disk
[root@server ~]# umount /data2
[root@server ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 600M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 18.4G 0 part
├─cs-root 253:0 0 16.4G 0 lvm /
└─cs-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
nvme0n2 259:4 0 5G 0 disk
├─nvme0n2p1 259:5 0 50M 0 part
└─nvme0n2p2 259:6 0 100M 0 part
nvme0n3 259:7 0 6G 0 disk Remounting a Partition
[root@server dev]# mount | grep data1
/dev/nvme0n2p1 on /data1 type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel)
[root@server dev]# mount -o remount,ro /data1
[root@server dev]# mount | grep /data1
/dev/nvme0n2p1 on /data1 type ext4 (ro,relatime,seclabel)